21st Century Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

21st Century Education - Essay Example This examination diagrams that over the most recent couple of hundreds of years, instruction has become increasingly more accessible to individuals and to a great extent because of the development of the print machine and different methods for spreading composed material, which has been the most remarkable vessel for information proficiency. In this way, it has expanded, and when 100 years prior we may have said that an individual is accomplished basically in light of the fact that they realized how to peruse and compose, today those are unimportant nuts and bolts in training, and a lot of individuals with proficiency aptitudes, yet they don't qualify as taught. Indeed, even information without anyone else doesn't get the job done for one to be instructed, â€Å"Familiarity with a rundown of words, names, books, and thoughts is an interestingly poor approach to judge who is well-educated†. Being instructed today implies that one needs to have information, yet in addition the e xpert, social, and moral aptitudes that accompany it, just as involvement with managing people.From this paper it is clear thatâ many workmanship schools show abilities, which are not especially explicit to any activity. For instance, an understudy from the personnel of Education can utilize a similar degree to apply and presumably find a new line of work, as a client relations administrator in a firm yet there are individuals who go to class to examine the last mentioned. The aptitudes learnt in Arts College are flexible and can be applied in an assortment of fields. However, a portion of the current callings can't be rehearsed by any individual who isn't qualified and ensured for them.

Change Management for Constructing Gym- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theChange Management for Constructing a Gym. Answer: Presentation Before and current report, there are necessities of temporary worker and expert web specialist to lessen remaining tasks at hand of the undertaking administrator. As because of outstanding burden, the laborers can't complete their doled out assignment inside time, accordingly they take choices to enlist more specialists. In any case, employing of more chiefs adds unpredictability to the business tasks. More individuals are recruited, an ever increasing number of desires are come about adjusting to whatever the standard is inside the work environment. There is danger of absence of appropriate correspondence that causes delay in the work. Because of deferral in the task, there is change in venture plan. In this manner, before expansion of any assets and financial plan in the calendar plan, appropriate arranging is required. With utilization of Kotters eight stages to lead transforms, it is required to set up need to keep moving, make an undertaking vision, discuss it with the laborers and urge individuals to take a shot at it. In the venture, there is prerequisite of changes in venture scope, security of rec center, support of exercise center instruments, coordination among representatives, give client care just as continuous promoting effort. Perfect individuals ought to be locked in into building of the rec center to guarantee that correct changes ought to have done. Inside time, temporary worker, HR administrator, web specialist and painting contractual worker ought to have recruited. It will add additionally cost to the undertaking spending plan, along these lines thorough audit is done to recognize if extra assets and financial plan are required or not. The undertaking supervisor ought to manage change framework so appropriate changes are done in time.

Argumentative Sociology Essay Samples - Pros and Cons

Argumentative Sociology Essay Samples - Pros and ConsArgumentative sociology essay samples are basically a format that is used in creating your topic. Usually, it helps you get the most attention when you write the essay, but it does have its downsides as well.One of the reasons why these types of essay samples are so popular is because they can actually get you noticed by the professor who is grading your paper. This is especially important because there are many people who actually ignore their paper altogether if it is written poorly. By doing this, they are giving the professor an easy and convenient way to just disregard their entire grade on the paper.Argumentative sociology essay samples have their upsides and their downsides. It is up to you to decide whether or not they are the right approach for you to take. Let's take a look at some of the pros and cons of using these types of essays.One of the cons of using argumentative essay samples is that they do not lend themselves t o any kind of style. You cannot use this type of essay format when you need to mimic the style of a particular author. While it is possible to borrow material from certain authors and put it into a different context, that is the one thing that the essay samples cannot do. Even though they are popular, they do have limitations that are inherent to the format.Another con to using argumentative essay samples is that the arguments tend to be vague. In fact, if you are using the argumentative sociology essay samples as a filler for an entire class, it can seem as if the professor is pushing an agenda. With that said, you should be careful of making your arguments too strong because there is no guarantee that they will work when it comes time to debate them in class.These types of essays tend to deal with social research subjects, such as race and gender relations, and identity. They do this by creating a huge social problem and then discussing what the implications of that problem are. T hese topics often times require quite a bit of argumentation and exposition.The downside to using this type of essay is that it often leads to arguments that are a little on the boring side. At times, it can feel as if you are arguing over a triviality, even though the topics discussed are huge and controversial. When you are reading something and trying to analyze it, you want it to flow and not feel like drudgery.Remember that sociology is a hard subject to write about because it is so difficult to understand. Argumentative sociology essay samples might be the perfect way to explain some of the issues that are involved in sociological research. However, if you are looking for a style that is easy to read and relate to, these are not the approaches that you should consider.

The Deviant Nature of Obesity - 2746 Words

The Deviant Nature of Obesity Sociology 277 Jill Prunty Obesity has become increasingly more prominent in American society. The Unites States has even been termed an overweight nation. Some twenty to thirty percent of American adults are now considered obese (Hwang 1999 and Hirsch et al 1997). With this in mind, Americans constantly look around themselves determining their weight status as well as that of those around them. While some Americans do fit the healthy category, others enter the underweight, overweight, and even obese categories, all of which can be unhealthy. Obesity can be termed deviant for a variety of reasons. Not only is it unhealthy, but it is also a widely unaccepted†¦show more content†¦All of these contribute to obesity. Some attitudes might foster an acceptance within a peer group or family for obesity. Causal behaviors for obesity include overeating and lack of activity. Conditions consequential to obesity include socioeconomic factors and poor education. Labeling theory gives definition to the obese. The deviant is one to whom the deviant label has been successfully applied (51). Having achieved obese status, the person has also achieved deviant status. The obese have acquired a conditional deviant status, which can be changed, thereby moving the person back within the norm (9). However, the deviant label is not always easily removed (9). While those who lose weight and can keep it off are cheered on by society, those who regain lost weight have a harder time removing their labels. They are then labeled yo-yo dieters. One obvious example is Oprah Winfrey. A popular talk show host, Winfrey has been in the spotlight and public eye for years. Weight has been an issue for her from the beginning. America has watched her lose weight only to gain it back over and over again. Many comments have been made on other television shows, in magazine articles, and in simple conversation concerning her weight. She will continue to be seen as at least having been fat, even when she is thinner. On the other hand, those who lose the weight and keep it off become positive deviants. The deviant exits theShow MoreRelatedObesity And Its Effects On Society997 Words   |  4 Pagesone looks, but it is the reaction of society or how society reacts that determines if an act is deviant or not (Goode, 2011). Obesity adheres to Goffman’s typology of stigma and deviance; abomination of the body and blemish of individual character (Goode, 2011). Terms such â€Å"Hog Bodies† or â€Å"Pigs in Human suits† are frequently used because the majority considers obesity as a product of immoral or deviant behavior. Furthermore, individuals that are not fat believe those that are obese became fat becauseRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Essay2683 Words   |  11 Pages Obesity has become increasingly more prominent in American society. The Unites States has even been termed an overweight nation. Some twenty to thirty percent of American adults are now considered obese (Hwang 1999 and Hirsch et al 1997). With this in mind, Americans constantly look around themselves determining their weight status as well as that of those around them. While some Americans do fit the healthy category, others enter the underweight, overweight, and even obese categories, all of whichRead MorePedophilia and Deviant Behavior1695 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Pedophilia and Deviant Behavior Sonja Johnson Sociology of Deviant Behavior Professor Grant Pikes Peak Community College August 3, 2014 There exists a group of people possessing what some refer to as a mental disorder, while others refer to it as a personality or behavioral disorder characterized by the urge to have sexual relations with those of a non-consenting age. Initially this paper will examine why exactly this is a deviant behavior. We will then go on to analyzeRead MoreObesity3999 Words   |  16 PagesObesity is a problem that affects virtually every person on the planet. Everyone knows someone who is overweight or they themselves are overweight. In this research paper we will be looking at the topic of obesity and the social ramifications that it holds. We will first look at obesity in a broad way. Then we will focus on obesity and its effects on children. And finally, obesity and adulthood will be covered. The topic of obesity is important to the field of sociology because obese peopleRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic in America Essay examples3918 Words   |  16 Pages In this research paper we will be looking at the topic of obesity and the social ramifications that it holds. We will first look at obesity in a broad way. Then we will focus on obesity and its effects on children. And finally, obesity and adulthood will be covered. The topic of obesity is important to the field of sociology because obese people make up a significant portion of the world’s population. In addition, the manner in which obese people are treated has a significant effect on societyRead MoreEssay on The Impact Advertising Has on Children1394 Words   |  6 Pagesunhealthy for them. Unfortunately the message from this type of advertising is geared toward the child thinking I need to have the fast food. This is a bad message to leave in children?s minds, because it can also cause problems with their health. The obesity rate in young children has risen drastically over the last twenty years. Health reports have attributed this to the continuing increase in the amount of fast food children are consuming. Television commercials for fast food are on every channel, andRead MoreDrug Abuse And Adolescent Risky Behavior884 Words   |  4 Pagesthese novel experiences (p. 392). This essay will attempt to discuss how the brain is developing, being impacted, and, how spiritual development effects adolescent risky behavior. Risky behaviors can include any behavior that is seen by most as deviant social behavior. For example, drug abuse, sexual promiscuity, eating disorders, alcohol abuse, etc. These behaviors occur in youth for a number of reasons and can range from being mild to severe. Some reasons for risky behaviors is: doing what theirRead MoreEssay about Children and Television1536 Words   |  7 Pagesas how McDonalds offers toys to attract sales of their products. Findings of Zimmerman and Bell conclude, â€Å"Television viewing may be a sedentary activity, but it is not for that reason that it is associated with obesity in children. The relationship between television viewing and obesity among children is limited to commercial television viewing and probably operates through the effect of advertising obesogenic foods on television† (2010 p338). Children also face psychological health concernsRead MoreCritical Evaluation a Research Study on Empowerment and Personal Identity3199 Words   |  13 Pagesepidemiological studies in which researchers showed rapid increases in national and international rates of obesity over the last 20 years and linked obesity to a variety of physical and psychological health conditions. Other studies and international organizations too have focused and highlighted obesity as a major endemic. For instance, The World Health Organization (WHO, 2000) cautioned against an obesity epidemic, as a result of which the losses to society, both social and financial, are enhancing.Read MoreSociology And Its Effect On Society3599 Words   |  15 Pagesconceptualized types of norms: folkways, mores, and crime. Folkways are norms that define interactions based on customs, traditions, and etiquette. Violating folkway norms does not lead to legal repercussion, but does assert behavior that is seen as deviant from the expected. Mores are norms that define interactions based on the broad morals of society. Violating mores are often described as taboo, but does not lead to legal repercussion. Individuals whom violate mores are seen as harmful to society

The Use Of Nonverbal Communication And How It Affects...

It seems that in today’s fast paced society filled with smartphones, computers, mobile tablets and all the world’s knowledge at our fingertips, that we forget the subtle art of nonverbal communication and how it affects human interactions. By non-verbal communication I am not talking about things such as emails, texts, carrier pigeons and whatever other method of messaging system you prefer to use. I am referring to the face to face exchanges with real humans and how small things such as personal space or body language can alter the outcome of any connections we have throughout the day. There are varying influences that come play a part during these exchanges. Kinesics, haptics and proxemics are merely a few of these aspects. If extra people paid attention to the soundless ways humans communicate their needs and desires, consequently I feel there would be less miscommunication, misinterpretations and an overall improved human experience. Simply observing someone’ s body language can clue you in on what could possibly be running through their mind during your communication. Working in a retail environment, ordinarily one is allotted ample opportunity to see and have encounters with a variety of diverse individuals. Working in a retail marijuana store, that variety becomes larger. The innumerable interactions one has throughout the day are a prime time to witness non-verbal communication. Watching co-workers take a positive sale, crash and burn or on the other side of that,Show MoreRelatedThe role of Non Verbal Communication in the Facilitation of Social Interaction1496 Words   |  6 Pagesto communicate with one another is of paramount importance to the success of the human race (Hartley, 1999). Communication is a dynamic process with the interacting components of sending and receiving information. Nonverbal cues may provide clarity or contradiction for a message being sent (Dunn, 1998). This is not to say that nonverbal forms of communicat ion merely provide a modem of clarity for verbal communication, they can, and do, stand alone (Krauss et al, 1995). Facial expressions, body movementsRead MoreDiscuss the Role Non Verbal Communication Plays in the Facilitation of Social Interaction and the Consequences of Its Absence on Social Relationships1510 Words   |  7 Pagescommunicate with one another is of paramount importance to the success of the human race (Hartley, 1999). Communication is a dynamic process with the interacting components of sending and receiving information. Nonverbal cues may provide clarity or contradiction for a message being sent (Dunn, 1998). This is not to say that nonverbal forms of communication merely provide a modem of clarity for verbal communication, they can, and do, stand alone (Krauss et al, 1995). Facial expressions, bodyRead MoreNonverbal Communication : The Method Of Encoding And Decoding1108 Words   |  5 PagesNonverbal communication consists of the method of encoding and de coding. Encoding is the act of producing the communication using gestures, facial expressions, and posture. Decoding is the process of receiving the information and how the individual processes that information based on their previous experiences. Culture plays a significant role that helps the way learning activities are organized. Nonverbal communication consists of visual cues such as kinesics, proxemics, paralanguage, and hapticsRead MoreNonverbal Communication Is The Loudest Form Of Communication873 Words   |  4 PagesNonverbal Communication Is The Loudest Form of Communication in Romantic Relationships Makenzie Wells Arizona State University The key to a successful relationship may not be through a spoken interaction, but through a reflection of one’s nonverbal behavior. Nonverbal communication is surprisingly the loudest form of communication, because it is the miracle behind successfully connecting with someone without speaking. There many different forms of nonverbal communication including;Read MoreCommunication And How It Affects Nursing As A Profession1470 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is central to human interaction and occurs planned or unplanned on a daily basis. Using verbal, nonverbal, written, or unwritten communication are methods in which information, a person’s thoughts, and feelings are shared. To become an ultimate professional in a field, such as nursing, it is vital to be able to communicate well with peers and clients. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the pros and cons, societal issues, promotion of change, and other pertinent issues that relatesRead MoreExploring the Differ ent Types of Non-Verbal Communication Essay1046 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is an interactive process whereby people seek to induce some form of change in attitude, belief, or behavior. (Moore, Hickson III and Stack, 2010, p. 5) It is the primary avenue that people use to send and receive messages through predetermined codes. Communication is broken down into verbal and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication is an oral interaction between individuals and considered to be an explicit method of communication. Since sounds, words, speaking, and languageRead MoreExpectancy Violation Theory And Its Significance1650 Words   |  7 Pagesinterpersonal communication. The theory highlights the unexpected behavior of human being while interacting (Dainton, 2011). This theory is based on the reduction uncertainty where ambiguity on behaviors of others is reduced through interaction. Expectancy violations theory offers some prospect to compare the personality of traditional empiricism with humanism. The theory was developed from the Nonverbal expectancy violation model of Burgoon who describes the nature of response of human beings to theRead MoreRelationship Between A Parent And Child1653 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most intense emotions that human beings experience is love. For some, it’s the love between a parent and child, a platonic friend, or a significant other. For many, a romantic relationship is the most important element in their lives. A good relationship can improve all characteristics of your life, such as strengthening health, mind and connections with others. The ability to have a healthy loving relationship is a lot of work, give and take, and comprising of one’s individual wantsRead MoreThree Theories of Nonverbal Communication Essay1231 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Systematic research on the role of nonverbal behavior in social interaction has been common only in the past 20 to 25 years.†(Edinger and Patterson, 1983, p. 30).because that statement was published in 1983, it is apparent that the study of nonverbal behavior has been around for roughly 50 to 55 years. However, that is still a relatively recent amount of time compared to research in other science fields such as chemistry or biology. Despite the fact that this field is relatively recent there areRead MoreNonverbal Communication Involves The Processes Of Encoding And Decoding Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pages Nonverbal communication involves the processes of encoding and decoding. Encoding is the act of generating the information such as facial expressions, gestures, and postures. Decoding is the interpretation of information from received sensations from previous experiences. Nonverbal communication between people is communication through sending and receiving wordless cues. It includes the use of visual cues such as body language, distance and physical environments/appearance and of touch. It can

Essay on United States Foreign Policy Following World War II

Though the United States was the military power of the world prior to World War II, its foreign policy was one of detachment. The government was determined not to get involved in other countries affairs barring unusual circumstances. A World War provided big enough means to become involved, as many Americans became enraged with the military ambitions of Japan and Germany. Following World War II, Soviet leader Stalin initially agreed to a democratic government in Poland and to free elections in other Soviet-occupied countries, but he ignored his own promises. This caused the United States and Britain to ignore Stalin’s wish of taking a hard line with Germany in settlement talks. The Soviets formed the Socialist Unity party in East†¦show more content†¦The Soviet Union was not the only nation in the postwar era to enact a communist platform. Mao-Tse-Tung and the communists drove Chiang-Kai-Shek’s Nationalists to Taiwan from mainland China. The United Nations did not admit this government until October 25, 1971 and the United States did not recognize the People’s Republic of China until 1979. Korea was temporarily divided into a Soviet occupied North Korea and an American occupied South Korea. These two countries supported two different Korean governments and when the secretary of state Dean Acheson declared that Korea was not inside â€Å"the United States’ sphere of interest† (Stranges, 195), North Korea attacked South Korea believing that the United States would not defend the democratic government of the south. The United Nations came to the backing of the south, which prompted China to send troops because they did not want the United States and South Korea to dominate the Korean peninsula. The war stalled at the 38th parallel in early 1951 and a 151 mile wide demilitarized zone currently divides the two sides. Another incident with China occurred in 1954 when China began bombing Quemoy and Matsu, two small rocky islands 10 miles off the coast of China. The United States became involved by signing the Formosa Resolution in January of 1955. The resolution guaranteed to protect the twoShow MoreRelatedAs Senator Arthur Vandenberg Famously Stated In 1947, â€Å"We1579 Words   |  7 Pagesthe water’s edge.† Vandenberg’s declaration suggests that domestic policy differences should not affect how the United States conducts itself abroad. This notion is especially relevant in understanding the discrepancies – or lack thereof – between foreign and domestic policy in the modern United States. Since its founding, the United States has prided itself on its exceptionalism, with many of its leaders endorsing a â€Å"foreign policy driven more by domestic values than by the vagaries of internationalRead MoreThe United States Trade Policy1741 Words   |  7 PagesSinc e the early 1930s, tariff reduction has been the prevalent theme of United States trade policy. In the future, economic historians will put an emphasis on the way the liberalization of trade over the past forty to sixty years has molded this particular trade policy. Since 1930, tariffs have been gradually reduced to roughly twenty percent of the regular level they were back then. This is a direct result of a sequence of eight multilateral negotiations and around thirty bilateral agreements. HoweverRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union1122 Words   |  5 Pages The Cold War was a state of political hostility between the U.S and the Soviet bloc, the most powerful nations in the world. The two countries fought together as allies in World War II but toward the end of the War the two nations competing ideologies and visions of the post War prevented them from working together. The Cold War was by far the biggest threat to human existence the world has ever seen, although their was never any declaration of War between the two competing nations, the SovietRead MoreThe United States Foreign Policy1667 Words   |  7 PagesAs Kelly Anderson’s Foreign Policy Analyst, the following memo will address three areas of the United States’ foreign policy. The U.S. has gone through may transition when it comes to its foreign policy. The United States has been an isolationist, neutralist, and internationalist country from the year it was founded to now. The executive branch and the president apply their power to influence and change the nation’s foreign policy. There are specific departments within the Executive Office of theRead MoreAmerica, An Ever Changing World Superpower1504 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica, an Ever-Changing World Superpower America has been viewed in a wide variety of ways on the global stage. From the Progressive Era to containment, the view of the United States as a world power has changed dramatically. The country went through a large process of adopting an isolationist policy during the Progressive Era. This isolationist view was also present pre and post-World War I. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, America took a bold stance and using its industrial power pushed itselfRead MoreThe Policy Of Neutrality During World War II1555 Words   |  7 PagesOn September 5, at its outset, the United States declared and maintained its policy of neutrality in the Second World War. Following ongoing atrocities committed by the Axis powers, however, President Franklin D. Roosevelt felt compelled to limit their strength by freezing their U.S. assets and restricting trade of certain goods. Soon after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Congress unanimously declared war on Japan. Days later, the rest of the Axis powers, including Nazi Germany, Italy, and their smallerRead MoreWorld War II : The Great People s War1529 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II (The Great People’s War) was of deep importance to the formation of today’s international relations system, however the following periods after this war between the greatest powers in the world are also of great significance. The analysis of those periods and their impact on world history will be the first approach of this assessment. It is important to clarify that these periods cannot be annualized as isolated events that happened in History, but related events that in a way or anotherRead MoreHispaniola Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesNevertheless, the United States intervened in other Latin American countries, including the Dominican Republic and Haiti, to prevent social uprisings which threatened to de-stabilize the island of Hispaniola. In 1913 a threat of a revolution in the Dominican Republic brought an American squadron to the c oast. Tensions began to subside until May of 1916, when the next revolution occurred. The U.S. navy landed sailors, while the commanding Admiral threatened to bombard the capital, Santo Domingo, unlessRead MoreThe United States Outlook on Foreign Policy Affairs Essay881 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States Outlook on Foreign Policy Affairs The United States outlook on foreign policy affairs after World War II was influenced by the fear of communist expansionism rather than establishing foreign relations with each country. The U.S. found itself with a conflict between its profound belief in the constitution and democracy and a need for domestic and national security. In 1947, the National Security Act authorized the creation of the Central Intelligence Agency. Its role was toRead MoreThe Cold War : Communism And Capitalism997 Words   |  4 Pages The Cold War When the cold war began, no one thought that it would last as long as it did. Many people thought the war was caused by fighting, and there were some people that thought it was caused by the conflicts of communism and capitalism, so who was right? Well we only know what we read in our history books which says that it was caused by the conflicts of communism and capitalism. Was this the real reason for the cold war? In my essay I will give details about the cold war and tell why

I wanna be yours, To His Coy Mistress and Our Love Now Essay Example For Students

I wanna be yours, To His Coy Mistress and Our Love Now Essay The three poems I am going to write about are I wanna be yours, To His Coy Mistress and Our Love Now. In my essay, I am going to relate to way in which the poems I have chosen show there attitudes towards love and lovers. I am going to study the way in which the poets use language to create the attitudes towards love and I am going to study the ways in which the poems create the whole idea of love and what its purpose in life is. The layout of Our Love Now is set out as if it was an argument, but when you look at the line numbers it is not an argument because the man says it all first and then the women says it all. The woman in Our Love Now portrays their love as dead, while the man portrays their love as getting stronger: The tree is forever dead Such is our love That is what the woman says about their relationship after they had an argument or something. The man says: The breach in us can be mended This shows us that the mans attitude towards love is very different to womans attitude towards love. The man thinks that whatever has happened between them has just made their love stronger but the woman believes very different to what he thinks. The man sees the relationship as mending the past but the woman sees their relationship as dead as a tree, this shows us that the poet thinks that men have different views on love and relationships than a woman would have. The poem shows what men think about relationships and love in the general. It also shows the womans thoughts about relationships and love. The poem shows a typical mans views on line five and six: The cut will mend, and such is our relationship While the womans views about the same thing is: There is always a scar a permanent reminder The womans views are that once there was a boundary between her and her boyfriend that is overcome, there will always be a painful reminder of that with a scar. This again shows that men have a different outlook on relationships compared to women. The second poem I have chosen is I wanna be yours. This poem makes love sound unique and something very special that only happens once in your life. This is shown in the language that the author has used. The author uses repetition throughout the poem. He repeats: I wanna be yours And Let me be This shows the other side of a mans views on love when compared to the man in Our Love Now. This poem shows the attitude towards love women actually want when the man in Our Love Now is showing the other side, the one women do not want. The poet uses repetition and by making visual images through the way in which he writes the poem. He does this to show that the man and woman is a perfect match: Let me be your dreamboat when you wanna sail away This shows that the characters in the poems attitudes to love are warm and open minded about the whole thing. The third poem I have chosen is To His Coy Mistress. This is a pre- twentieth century poem. This poem has the same outline as I wanna be yours by showing that the man is in love with a women and he is trying to persuade her to be his lover. This poem is very romantic towards the woman that the man in the poem is after because every woman who reads the poem secretly wishes that they could be treated in the way that the man is treating the woman. .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef , .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .postImageUrl , .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef , .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:hover , .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:visited , .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:active { border:0!important; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:active , .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u22e3c84feb85e81dc74382a83a0dadef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The themes of Eveline and a little cloud EssayThis poem has little hidden messages towards the reader and the woman, in the poem it says: The graves a fine and private place. But none, I think do there embrace Now, therefore, while the youthful hue. This is telling us that the man is saying we are going to die anyway, so life your life while you can and give me a chance. This shows that the man is after the woman for love but the woman is thinking about his offer. To His Coy Mistress and I wanna be yours have the same outline of the poems. This is shown by both texts having a man in love with a woman. The men are trying everything to persuade the women in the poems to give them a chance. The men in these poems have totally different attitudes to love. I wanna be yours shows the other side of a mans views on love when compared to the man in Our Love Now. The man in Our Love Now is only thinking about himself in the relationship and not the woman while the man in I wanna be yours thinks about both himself and the woman. I wanna be yours and To His Coy Mistress portray love as something special and everlasting while Our Love Now portrays love as a part time thing. However, it concentrates more of the bad side of love rather than the good side of love and this is shown in the layout of the poem, it is layed out as if it was an argument.

Terrorism And Security In The Olympics Essays -

Terrorism And Security In The Olympics Terrorism and Security in the Olympics Security is a fundamental notion in sports. Nowadays athletes are viewed often through the media, therefore they are recognizable. In the Olympics security measures must be taken to protect the athletes. There are many different nationalities involved therefore security has to be taken in order to ensure that there aren't conflicting views that could possibly be damaging towards another team. But quite often it cannot be prevented. On the morning of September 5, 1972, the members of the Israeli delegation awoke in their quarters in the Olympic village to the desperate cries of wrestling referee Joseph Gottfreund. Eight Arab commandos (from the Palestinian terrorist organization Black September) broke into the Olympic compound in Munich. In an attempt to create time for an escape, Joseph Gottfreund tried to block off the door to the quarters in order to stall the intruders. He told his colleagues to leave the premises. The terrorist shot and killed him immediately along with Yaakov Springer, the weightlifting referee. Those in the adjoining apartments who were not woken by the muffled cries were woken from the sounds of machine guns. The commandos then took nine others of the eighteen-member Israeli Olympic team hostage. They then settled into the compound for a siege. The terrorists imprisoned and tied up the athletes and their coaches inside the apartments. They were moved into one of the delegates' room where they were guarded by eight of the terrorists. Their weapons included sub-machine guns, pistols and grenades. Moshe Weinberg, a wrestling referee, and Joseph Romano, a weightlifter, were killed during an effort to free themselves from the terrorists. Their reasons for holding the Israelis hostage were that they wanted to persuade the release of two hundred Arab guerrillas that were being held in Israel. The terrorists demanded that the prisoners be flown from Israel to an Arab country, allowing them free passage. West German officials negotiated with the Arab commandos with the help of the Tunisian Ambassador and the representative of the Arab League from Bonn. But unfortunately, this has no effect on what the commandos were trying to accomplish. Their demands were unreasonable, and the Israeli side would not budge from its views. In an attempt to save some of the Israeli hostages, two West German ministers of the interior offered themselves as replacements for the hostages. The Arabs refused this offer. It was obvious that the negotiations over the release of the hostages were not going to work. A new plan was put into effect. West German officials started to focus their time on getting the Arabs and their hostages out of the Olympic Village. This would allow German sharpshooters to put some control over the commandos. This seemed like a better alternative a pose to storming the compound and dangering the lives of the Israeli hostages and other athletes. Negotiations lasted until shortly after 9:00 p.m. The West Germans has successfully persuaded the Arab commandos to leave the compound with their hostages. The commandos agreed to leave on a flight to an Arab country together with their hostages. They made their was towards the Furstenfeldbruck military airport, a fifteen mile trek away from Munich. The Arab commandos anticipated that something could threaten their plans. In order to control their hostages they split them up into two groups and tied and blindfolded them. They were also aware of two potential traps the West Germans had set for them. The sharpshooters were placed along the path the Arab commandos had to walk their hostage's two helicopters that had flown them from Munich to a waiting jet. The nine Israeli sportsmen were led out handcuffed to each other to two helicopters, which were to fly them to the airport. This was the only opportunity the West Germans had to prevent the Arabs from leaving the country. As the first group of Arabs and hostages walked to the jet, shots rang out. No one is certain who opened fire first (be it the West German Sharpshooters or the Arab commandos). However when the West Germans began firing, or firing back, that was the beginning of the shooting of the Israeli hostages. The second commando group had barely left their

Clinical Decision Support Systems Essay Example

Clinical Decision Support Systems Essay Example Clinical Decision Support Systems Paper Clinical Decision Support Systems Paper Abstract   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This paper explores the world of clinical decision support systems(CDSS) and the effects they have in the work place. Also how many different types of CDSS such as Bayesian Network (BN), Neural Network(NN), Genetic Algorithms(GA),and MYCIN. This paper will describe key reasons why a decision support system might fail to meet a users expectations and suggest measures that could be taken to avoid such an outcome. Finally this paper will explain what decision tree induction(DTI) means and how it used for classification problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While alarms and alerts are the most common visible CDSS interventions, there are many more. I will describe many different types of CDSS and their uses in relation to their health care usage. CDSS have been being developed for years for use in the health care society. for the purpose of assistance of diagnosing and treating various illnesses. There is no defined outline for   CDSS as they adapt to the needs of physician and patient. Throughout this paper I will introduce various CDSS and their uses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Most CDSS consist of   the knowledge base, inference engine, and a communication mechanism. The knowledge base contains the rules and guidelines of gathered data .   With this physicians can program a CDSS to think in an IF-THEN sense. It also allows to user to input additional or new information regarding the diagnoses or treatment of diseases. For example the if the machine is reading a diabetics blood sugar level and it is low then it alerts the physicians. However, some CDSS use a form of artificial intelligence to compile data, read the data, compare it to that of the patient and produce results. In other words it is basically a learning computer in which it takes information from previous account and uses them in the present.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is an adaptive CDSS that uses a form of artificial intelligence, that allows the systems to learn from past patients traits and symptoms and apply an educated guess on the symptoms of a current patient. It consists of nodes called neurodes and send signals between the neurodes in a sort of straight line approach. An ANN consists of 3 main components: Input (receiving data ), Output (informing of possible diseases) and Hidden (data processing). The system becomes more and more effective as it collects data from many patients.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ANN has many advantages such as the virtual elimination of needing to program the systems and providing input various information. The ANN CDSS can process incomplete data by making educated guesses about all other data collected from past experiences. Additionally, ANN systems do not require large data banks to store all of its information in. However ANN does have disadvantages as well such as the training process to new users may be very time consuming leading users to not make full use of the systems. Another down side being disease harboring similar symptoms may be mistaken for one another. Thus the ANN is a double-edged sword.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another less commonly used CDSS is a Genetic Algorithm (GA) a   method developed in the 1940s at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology based on Darwin’s evolutionary theories. These algorithms   form different combinations that are better than the previous solutions. Much like neural networks, the genetic algorithms receive their information from patient data.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Advantages of genetic algorithms are the fact that these systems go through an iterative which means to solve a problem through many assumptions of an initial guess. This process is used to produce an the best solution. The wellness/fitness function determines calculations from the ones that can be discarded. A disadvantage is the lack of leniency   in the reasoning involved   making it a less than first choice for physicians and clinicians. The obvious challenge in using genetic algorithms is in defining the wellness/fitness criteria. For genetic algorithms to work correctly there must be many factors such as multiple drug use, or multiple therapies. The Bayesian network(BN) is a   graphical representation that shows a set of variables and their probable relationships between illnesses and symptoms. They are based on conditional probabilities, the probability of an event in relation to the probability of another event. Bayes’ rule helps physicians compute the probability of an event with the help of   readily information and it   processes options as new information is presented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some of the advantages of BN include the knowledge and conclusions of experts in the form of hypothesis, assistance in decision making as new evidence is available and are applicable to many models   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   MYCIN(MY) is a CDSS designed to diagnose and recommend treatment for certain blood infections such as meningitis. It has been extended to handle other infectious diseases. MY operated off what physician call if-then statements which means, if certain factors are present then a certain illness is present. It was a goal-directed system, using a sort of reverse thinking.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the ordering phase of a clinic or hospital it is important to take all factors into account. The clinicians and physicians must look at what it is they specialize in what CDSS is best for that particular area. Also have CDSS can accommodate for other fields as well. As stated in Ten Commandments for Effective CDSS [Bates et  al.2003],   speed is everything. This means how quickly the CDSS gathers information and formulates a course of treatment. Also stated is the CDSS must fit into the users work flow, no time can be wasted trying to get a machine to de exactly what you want it to.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reasons a CDSS may not live up to   clinicians or physicians expectations are abundant. First, a machine is just that a machine it can only do what it is programmed to do. Second, It takes time to learn to use and machine and even after learning operation mistakes do happen. Finally, the thing most machines need and most clinicians and physicians dont have is time, the time to program and operate the machine exactly how they want to it to work. This can conflict with work schedules as well as treatment schedules.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are ways to prevent using a seemingly useless CDSS. The most important thing is results, make sure the CDSS is capable to producing quick accurate results. Other things that should be kept in mind is that staff must be trained to use the machine make sure you have time to do so.   Have the knowledge and ability to use the CDSS to its fullest potential while at the same time produce speedy results. It is stated in   Ten Commandments for Effective CDSS that â€Å"All health professionals in the United States face increasing time pressure and can ill afford to spend even more time seeking bits of information† again meaning peed and time are everything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In CDSS decision analysis, a decision tree   is a   support tool that uses a graph of decisions and their possible outcomes, including chance possibilities, various treatments, and diseases. A decision tree is used to identify the strategy   to reach a course of action suitable for the patient. Another use of trees is to calculate rare cases of a certain disease.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a decision tree is a predictive model mapping from observations about an item to conclusions about its optimal outcome. Here is an example of a decision tree: In conclusion CDSS can be seen as a very useful tool. They are considered one of the best course of actions in the medical field. Though they may have some setbacks these are easily avoidable with the right information. Thus making CDSS a suitable tool of the health care industry. As long as the clinicians or physicians knows what they need the machine for and its capabilities based of their priorities they are a must have advancement in medical technology. [Bates et  al.2003]Bates, D.  W., Kuperman, G.  J., Wang, S., Gandhi, T., Kittler, A., Volk, L., Spurr, C., Khorasani, R., Tanasijevic, M., and Middleton, B. (2003). Ten commandments for effective clinical decision support: making the practice of evidence-based medicine a reality. J Am Med Inform Assoc, 10(6):523–530. Clinical Decision Support Systems; Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. (2004, July 22). FL: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Retrieved 02/20/09 from wikipedia.org

Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Management - Research Paper Example Several technological advancements have been made in the field of manufacturing affecting the supply chain in different ways. Current application of manufacturing technology in supply chain management and how best the technology can be utilized to improve the supply chain is analyzed in the below discussion. Logistic management is the management of the flow of goods, services and information from source to the desired destination at the lowest possible cost. Through the various stages of transmission, goods and information are faced with various challenges that are a threat to the process. Mismanagement of the logistics can lead to disruption of the supply chain both in the short and the long run. Safety measures in the logistic system determine the effectiveness of the logistic system for a successful supply chain. Among the threats to logistics are increasing with the developments in the market. Risk factors include the unpredictable change in transport and energy costs, higher cost of financing, insolvency of a basic logistic provider, changes in local and international legal requirement and insufficient number of skilled employees in the necessary field (Bielecki & Szymonik 2011) Management of the centralized supply chain is receiving much attention from firms. Firms use customer service measure based on frequency to measure efficiency in the supply chain. The actual measures conducted are the fill rate and stock out rate. These measures indicate the efficiency of the centralized supply chain system. The assumption is that suppliers are able to meet all customer needs and supply the orders as to when required. Advance production is the case with a centralized supply chain to meet customer demand with supply. However, the changes in the market are posing a threat to this system. Given the changes in technology, the supply chain

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 40

Marketing - Essay Example Such beads and jewelry also attract tourists from other countries who come to learn culture and way of life of a group of people. The company will focus on making of quality beads and jewelry which are cheap for locals to buy and attractive to tourists. In order to achieve this, the company will need to purchase various local materials and beads, which will be combined in different colors and proportions to appeal to the customers. The company will be dealing in making of jewelry and beads, which will be used as ornaments, beauty products in the house, decorations in public occasions like weddings and general decorations in offices. The company will need beads shaping machines, firing equipment and a number of workers who will be joining the beads and jewelry to form meaningful shapes and structures. Paints and colors will also be needed to turn the sculptured beads into the desired colors and decorations (Dismore, 15). Market identification is a crucial thing for any business. It is the realization of the different needs of different markets and structuring products so that they can suit every buyer in the market. This phase of business formation is crucial because without good market identification the business will incur loses and eventually fails in operation. The best segmentation technique in the jewelry line of business is the using demographic factors. In this case, an entrepreneur is supposed to consider such factors as age ranges and their concentrations in the market, gender ratios, and its effect in the market, the different ethnic communities in the market, and education levels of the community. Other factors that also need to be considered include the different occupations in the community, the religion and religious views of the community and the income status of the different families in the community (Dismore, 33). This market

Adversarial System vs. Civil Law Essay Example for Free

Adversarial System vs. Civil Law Essay The European civil law system is all about finding the truth, even if a lawyer has to lose the case for their client while doing so. The American adversarial system is about winning, even if it means avoiding and stretching the truth to do so. Civil law has the laws made by the government and the courts apply them, while common law has the judges making the majority of the laws through precedents. The adversarial system uses specific laws, precedents, and legal rules to determine who wins. It allows lawyers to take the truth and spin it into the picture that is the most beneficial to their client. They can use loopholes in the law to keep evidence from being allowed to cause their guilty clients to be punished for what they have done. Once all the talking is done, it is up to twelve people to decide whose lawyer did a better job of convincing them to believe them. See more: Beowulf essay essay The civil system uses general ideas and broad concepts to form the framework for taking the evidence at hand and attempting to determine what the truth is. When the truth is revealed, lawyers do not try to hide it or escape from it, even if they do not like the results. A major disadvantage of this system is that those twelve people from the common law system are only used in major criminal cases, so when the truth is unclear, only a couple people get to determine who is right, and three people can be wrong easier than twelve people in 100% agreement. In my opinion from what I have learned, I believe that the civil law system has an advantage in finding the ideal of the judicial system justice. In the adversarial system, the truth can be avoided, and once it is, there can be no justice. As to the question of whether there are constitutional problems with applying civil laws in the US, the most obvious one is that a jury trial is guaranteed by the Bill of Rights to protect a defendant from being condemned by the voice of one person.

The Internet and the Future of Communication :: Concept Essays

Even the beginning of the day started bad. I got up late for school and, with my luck had a test first hour. After getting to school and taking the test which seemed to be in a different language, I faced unpleasant customers for five long hours at work. Finally, being able to come home, flip of my shoes and sink my feet into our thick carpet was similar to what heaven must be. Switching into a pair of worn sweats and T-shirt I swiveled into the chair in front of my computer. With a press of a few buttons I called up my E-mail. I had a message from my best friend, Lily. Eagerly I called it up. Seemingly knowing of my bad day, she cheered me up instantly by telling me of her even worse day, after all misery loves company. I typed in a short response and decided to ignore the other mail for now. Just imagine the capability offered to a user, being able to hear from anyone this simply. Maybe a person is at work and decide to write a quick letter. This application is called Electronic Mail, commonly known as E-mail. Similar to the mail system, each user has an address. By putting on the address and typing the message, sending business or personal mail is quick and easy. With more and more computer networks acquiring use to the Internet even more communication will be possible. Information would be only a touch of a key away. So what exactly is the Internet? The Internet is a worldwide web of universities, business, commercial, military and science networks (Laquey 7). The networks function separately but with the Internet they can also function together. All of the information one of the networks supplies (and is willing to give out) is available to all of the other networks. This gives an amazing amount of access to an individual user who is hooked into one of these networks. Individual users, not part of a network, can receive the Internet capabilities by subscribing to a network connected to the Internet. Usually, the networks that supply an Internet connection are commercial. Locally, an example is Prodigy. This is a network, that in itself, provides many resources and can give single users access to the Internet. Personally, Prodigy has created keeping in touch with my friends at college an easier task.

Comparative Analysis †Elie Wiesel and Hilary Rodham Clinton Essay

The two speeches orated by Elie Wiesel and Hilary Rodham Clinton were delivered in 1995 to influence change. Wiesel’s, ‘Listen to the silent screams’ was delivered at Auschwitz. World leaders and survivors listened as he influenced the audience to act upon racial hatred and religious extremism. Clinton delivered her speech at the United Nations 4th conference on Women’s Rights Plenary Session in Beijing. This is ironic given China’s poor record for human rights violations, particularly against females. Delegates and women from all over the world came to hear her rebuttal, ‘Women’s rights are human rights’. Both Wiesel’s and Clinton’s speeches are relevant today as both their aspirations of human rights for all have not yet been fully realised. Both speakers broadcast their message by addressing the audience through exhibiting their authority and rhetorical devices. Both speakers establish authority and credibility for themselves as speakers and for their cause in different ways. Wiesel is authoritative as he has lived through the Holocaust, whereas Clinton is authoritative as she is an active feminist. Wiesel addresses his audience by using personal pronouns to create equality, â€Å"I speak to you as a man, who 50 years and nine days ago had no name, no hope, no future and was known only by his number, A7713†. This statistical information shows the formality of the occasion and establishes that being in Auschwitz has influenced his view on humanity. He â€Å"has seen what humanity has done to itself by trying to exterminate an entire people and inflict suffering and humiliation and death on so many others. Wiesel does not specifically identify one group of people for doing this; he influences the audience to understand whole of humanity was responsible for Auschwitz. Contrastingly, Clinton establishes her authority by being female, by being indefatigable, and by speaking to and for women from all over the world. She states, â€Å"Over the past 25 years I have worked persistently on issues relating to women, children and families. † This shows she is serious about women’s right, it is something she strongly believes in, and her commitment to the cause is absolute. Clinton has worked on women’s rights for â€Å"the past 25 years†. Not only is she committed, in addition she brings experience. By listing countries in which she has talked to mothers about their issues, â€Å"I have met new mothers in Indonesia†¦ Denmark†¦ South Africa†¦ India†¦ Bangladesh†¦ Belarus†¦ Ukraine†¦ Chernobyl†¦ †, she highlights her credibility to appear influential and qualified to act as a voice on their behalf. She has met mothers who are voiceless, now she has the responsibility to speak out, to be the one voice that is heard. Both speakers establish their authority by validating their cause and using rhetorical devices . Wiesel uses emotive language and imagery, whereas Clinton appeals to fact. Imagery is used in Wiesel’s speech to capture the surreality of the Holocaust. Clinton uses fact to update the audience with reality of the world, and influences the audience with statistical information. Wiesel uses representative figures of mothers and old men and women, â€Å"Listen to the silent screams of terrified mothers, the prayers of anguished old men and women. † The use of the emotively loaded adjectives ‘terrified’ and ‘anguished’ shows the reader their vulnerability. Prayers’, shows helplessness and desperation as there was nothing they could do but hope. Their prayers went unanswered, as did the silent screams. Wiesel uses anaphora and imperative to influence the reader the dead have never been laid to rest, â€Å"Listen to the tears of children, Jewish children, a beautiful little girl among them, with golden hair, whose vulnerable tenderness has never left me. † Wiesel influences the audience to pity the children, the most innocent of mankind. He achieves this by describing a representative figure who stands for all Jewish children. Through the description of, ‘vulnerable tenderness’ he emphasises the frailty and innocence of children, while showing that this was brutally crushed. There was no mercy. The weak were tormented, the most innocent were sentenced to a death both unimaginable and undignified, â€Å"Look and listen as they quietly walk towards dark flames so gigantic that the planet itself seemed in danger. † The metaphor shows the quantity and mass of the deaths, that people were being murdered on such a large scale that it seemed as if the whole world would be consumed. In contrast to Wiesel, Clinton used statistics throughout her speech to underline the importance of women’s rights. Statistics were used to give the reader an idea of scale, â€Å"Women comprise more than half the world’s population, 70% of the world’s poor, and two-thirds of those who are not taught to read and write. † Incorporating researched data gives realism and urgency. When statistics are used the audience is able to comprehend what is happening and who is involved. By using examples Clinton is telling the audience it should not be a problem as it involves at least half of the world’s population. Clinton gives examples from all over the world of what is happening, one of them being, â€Å"It is a violation of human rights when babies are denied food, or drowned, or suffocated, or their spines broken, simply because they are born girls†. Notice in this it is not only stated as a violation of women’s rights, but a violation of human rights. We are human, and we have rights. The violence needs to stop; in the name of humanity as a whole. Both Wiesel and Clinton are telling the world through the power of rhetoric, that change is needed. These speeches are relevant and persistent today. The issue of effectively opposing religious fanaticism, racial hate, and building gender equality have enduring relevance in all countries. With, â€Å"†¦ let us stop the bloodshed in Bosnia, Rwanda and Chechnia; the vicious and ruthless terror attacks against Jews in the Holy Land†, Wiesel is saying humanity has turned on itself before, and suffered before, yet we have not learned. He commands we must â€Å"reject and oppose more effectively religious fanaticism and racial hate†. Allow the Holocaust to be the past, Wiesel urges we must focus on a safer future for our children so that the millions who died in the Holocaust did not do so in vain. Clinton speaks to the world, urging the importance of gender equality, â€Å"Even now, in the late 20th century, the rape of women continues to be used as an instrument of armed conflict†. In this she gives an example of why gender equality needs to occur by giving an example of what is happening today. Both speakers influence the audience through exhibiting their authority and use of power, they show that these issues are pressing and cannot be ignored.

The International Criminal Court and its Role in Achieving Justice - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3137 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? In the aftermath of the Second World War the international community came to a general consensus that the matters of peace and human dignity were to be protected, and that those who were to contravene these protections would be held accountable no matter their position or title[1]. Throughout the years the concept of International Criminal Law developed and subsequently led to the creation of the first, permanent, treaty established, international criminal court. The International Criminal Court (ICC) came into existence on the 1 July 2002 after the efficient ratification of the Rome Statute[2], and has been labelled as one of the most important advances in international law since the conception of the United Nations and the espousal of the United Nations charter[3]. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The International Criminal Court and its Role in Achieving Justice" essay for you Create order As an important institution the ICC does attempt to achieve some of the rather overzealous goals of international criminal law including, inter alia, the ending of impunity[4], recording of a public record of the history of the international community[5], resolving disagreements prior to conflict occurring[6], and identify patterns of disputes and conflicts[7]. However it is important to establish that it has been difficult for the ICC to have any meaningful role in achieving the goals of international criminal justice. For one the ICC is restricted in terms of superiority as it is considered to be a supplementary court rather than a court of superiority. This means that the ICC can only intervene when a national court is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unwilling or unableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  to try the crime or the suspect of those crimes[8]. Furthermore, the ICC is restricted in terms of the crimes that the institution has jurisdiction over[9]. The governing Rome Statute identifies that the ICC has con trol over a limited number of serious crimes which includes genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and in the future crimes of aggression[10]. Additionally the principle of jurisdiction retione temporis impedes the court from being able to investigate crimes committed before the institution was in force[11]. These restrictions are only some of many boundaries that make it difficult for the ICC to achieve the goals of international criminal justice which suggests that their role is, to an extent, limited. The purpose of this essay is to try to establish the role that the International Criminal Court plays in relation to achieving the goals of international criminal justice, in particular its role in achieving the international communityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s most significant yet rather nave objective of attempting to prevent the reoccurrence of war[12]. In order to answer whether or not this has been achieved this essay will critically evaluate the work, progress, and trials of the institution over the years, and will critically discuss two sub goals of international criminal justice that if achieved will help stop the reoccurrence of war. Firstly, the essay will debate the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s role in attempting to eradicate impunity. Secondly, it will discuss how successful the ICC has been as a deterrence to individuals who may consider committing serious international crimes[13]. There is an overabundance of objectives that are the basis of international criminal law some of which are specified, some implied and others inferred from the conduct of international law makers, institutions and experts[14]. One of the broadest goals of international criminal law is the aspiration to have a universal criminal justice system that ends impunity[15]. Impunity is a controversial characteristic of the international criminal justice system that some academics argue allows diplomacy to rule over justice[16]. In result, it has been noted that for impunity to be removed in international criminal justice, trial and punishment must be equal for all involved; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"powerful and weak, rich and poorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[17]. The role that the ICC has had in attempting to achieve the goal of eradicating impunity is enshrined within its governing document. The Rome Statute preamble affirms that states parties are to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“determined to put an end to impunity for the perpetrators of these crimes[18]à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Nevertheless, the goal of ending impunity is a demanding task for the international community to impose, and the extent of the importance of the role that the ICC has in achieving this goal is questionable[19]; especially when compared to the roles that International Military and Criminal Tribunals have played since their conception[20]. In clarification, Phooko à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" an academic critical of the work of the ICC à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" implies that the proposal that the ICC holds the powerful to account[21], is in reality nonsense. Phooko argues that the ICC is incapable of imposing universality in eradicating impunity, as the institution avoids prosecuting heads of states and selectively pursues the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"small fishesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ involved in the crime[22]. In doing so, the ICC permits perpetrators of heinous crimes exemption from punishment for their actions. Similarly to the point above, the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s role in achieving the goal of eradicating impunity is further criticised due to the institutions focus, which tends to be pointed at the developing countries of the world particularly those in the African continent[23]. As of the time of writing, there are a substantial amount of pending warrants of arrest in African countries including Uganda, Mali, Republic of Congo, the Central African Republic, Sudan, Kenya and the Ivory Coast[24]. This is in contrast to countries in the West where there is a total of zero arrest warrants pending. Some academics argue that this is impunity in action and give the United States as an example[25]. The United States are a developed nation that are hosting citizens who have committed a succession of international misconducts but will encounter no penalty for their actions as the ICC are preoccupied elsewhere[26]. In support of the ICC its focus, its credibility and tacit independence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" it is seeking to achieve Herculean goals whilst being heavily restricted not only financially but also politically and statutorily, which is tapering the institutions focus to only a few countries, crimes and individuals[27]. To exemplify, the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s jurisdiction only extends as far as the countries who have ratified and signed the Rome Statute, so citizens of the countries out with this criterion cannot be prosecuted for international crimes by the ICC[28]. Surprisingly, this problem is evident in the majority of the larger, most contentious countries of the world inclu ding the USA, Russia, China, India and Israel[29]. Finally, the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s role in achieving the goal of eradicating impunity is very much reliant on state cooperation. As mentioned previously in order for the ICC to try an individual for a serious crime within the jurisdiction of the ICC the national court must first of all be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unwilling or unableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  to try the crime or the suspect of those crimes[30]. However, even if this is the case, the ICC requires the assistance of the state in order to extradite and prosecute the individual[31]as the court does not have its own military or police force to respond to warrants of arrest[32]. The problem with this level of cooperation is that the individuals that the ICC wish to prosecute tend to be those who have a level of power, perhaps the head of state, and it is very, very unlikely that they are going to turn themselves over to the court[33]. This is no more evident than in the case of Omar Al Bas hir[34] who has been wanted by the ICC since 2009. The Sudanese pending warrants of arrest are perhaps the most complicated, not only has the country only signed the Rome Statute, but President Al Bashir hides behind the veil of diplomatic immunity as he is still the serving President of Sudan[35]. To avoid the need for state cooperation the case was referred by the United Nations Security Council so that the heinous crimes committed in Darfur, Sudan, could be investigated[36]. However as of yet Al Bashir is still free, and recent developments suggest that the probe into Sudan has been postponed, which has furthered the concern that the ICC is powerless and ineffective in attempting to eradicate impunity[37]. Although the ICC have found it difficult to eradicate impunity within the international criminal justice system, the fact that this is a goal that could eventually be achieved is somewhat of a deterrence to individuals who might have otherwise committed international crimes[ 38]; thus the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s role as a deterrent is another way in which the institution can achieve goals of international criminal justice[39]. The development of deterrence in international criminal law began when the UN Security Council established the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia giving it an unbarred time limit on conflicts that could be tried[40]. Diverging from the retributive, post ex facto tribunals of Nuremberg and Tokyo meant that potential perpetrators where forewarned that they could be held to account for their future criminal actions[41]. Similarly, the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s governing statute emphasises that laws, and by precedent, sentencing[42], should à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“contribute to the prevention of such crimesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [43]. One way in which the ICC has attempted to deter criminals is by breaking the mould and producing arrest warrants for sitting Heads of State who were at one point immune to prosecution[44] which has instated a level of fear into some leaders of countries who are responsible for violence in their state[45]. Furthermore the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ability to deter has been praised by individuals at the heart of the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s focus. The Justice Minister for the Democratic Republic of Congo declared that tensions surrounding elections in 2011 had been suppressed and violence avoided by the deterrent effect of the ICC[46]. This suggests that the ICC just being in existence has created a deterrent effect that to some extent will help achieve the goal of preventing the reoccurrence of war and conflict. Another way in which the ICC has the ability to deter is through punishment of individuals who are convicted of international crimes creating a precedent which will deter the individual and onlookers from committing future criminal conduct[47]. The incapacitation of the offender is the judgement primarily used by the Prosecutor of the ICC when considering the punishment o f a perpetrator who is before the ICC as it is a more reliable way to promote prevention[48]. It is suggested that by incapacitating the perpetrator there will be two main benefits; for one the individual prosecuted will not be able to carry out any further crimes themselves[49], and two they will not be able to influence other potential offenders to carryout future crime[50]. Speculatively it is easy to state, like some optimists of the ICC[51], that the ICC has been successful in deterring individuals in terms of both specific and general deterrence. However, an identified problem with the use of incapacitation is that it requires a substantial amount of time to have an effect, as such some academics would suggest that the effects of incapacitation are only beneficial for a limited period of time due to restrictions in sentencing of a maximum of 30 years[52]. For these reasons the writer tends to agree that deterrence could and should be a role that the ICC plays when achieving th e goals of international criminal justice, however the ICCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s none existent track record of convictions[53], increasing amount of postponements[54], and the rise in additional violence[55] falls short of actually being a deterrent and therefore fails to prevent the reoccurrence of war. In conclusion, it is appropriate to express that the International Criminal Court has failed to achieve the main goal of international criminal justice to stop the reoccurrence of war. Through the critical analysis of two of the most achievable sub goals of international criminal law that the ICC should have been able to achieve à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" to end impunity and to deter individuals from committing future criminal acts it is clear that the institution has not been successful. In actuality, the experiences of the first decade of the ICC have not offered much praise, and the next 10 years will continue to be the same unless the international community cut the red tape that is co nstricting the ICC. To end, the writer would like to suggest ways in which the ICC could within the next ten years achieve the goals of international criminal justice. Firstly, it is recommended that to eradicate impunity the ICC must somehow become a sine qua non of respect in international society[56], where cooperation is strong between the state and the ICC as without this at its foundations it cannot appropriately fight impunity[57]. Finally, in order for the ICC to be an effective instrument of deterrence it needs to understand that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“men willing to commit mass murder are terribly difficult to dissuade[58]à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . By this it is suggested that the ICC needs to be stricter in its approach to prosecuting, by trialling the suspects of heinous crimes and not condoning their actions by shelving the case. This is unfair on the victims and the public interest as a whole[59]. If these points can be achieved the International Criminal Court may be able to progr ess further towards achieving the goals of international criminal justice in its teenage years better than it has in its infancy. [1] S. Sang-Hyun, Preventative Potential of the International Criminal Court [2013] Asian Journal of International Law 203, 203-205 [2] Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, July 17, 1998, U.N. Doc. A/Conf. 183/9 (last amended 2010) (hereinafter: Rome Statute) [3] K. Ambos, Observations from an International Criminal Law viewpoint [1996] 7 EJIL 519 [4] D. Zolo, Peace through Criminal Law? [2004] 2 J. Intl Crim 727, 730-731 [5] R. Cryer, H. Friman, D. Robinson and E. Wilmshurst, An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure [2010] 2nd Edition CUP 30-33 [6] S. Nouwen, Justifying Justice in Crawford and Koskenniemi (eds) [2012] Cambridge Companion to International Law 331, 331 [7] I. Tallgren, The Sensibility and Sense of International Criminal Law [2002] 13 EJIL 561, 561 [8] J.J. Llewellyn, A Comment on the Complementary Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court: Adding Insult to Injury in Transitional Context? [2001] DALHOUSIE L.J 192 [9] N. Boister, Treaty Crimes, International Criminal Court? [2009] New Criminal Law Review 341 [10] Rome Statute, Art.5, Art.6-8bis [11] Ibid, Art 11, Art 24; C. Gegout, The International Criminal Court: limits, potential and conditions for the promotion of justice and peace [2013] Third World Quarterly Vol. 34 800, 800 [12] M. Damaska, What is the point of International Criminal Justice? [2008] Faculty Scholarship Series Paper 1573 1573 329, 331, 331 [13] R. Cryer, H. Friman, D. Robinson and E. Wilmshurst, An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure [2010] 2nd Edition CUP 30-33 [14] T. Jones, The goals of International Criminal Justice are both unachievable and potentially harmful. [2014] 1, 1-6 [15] C. Blake-Amarante, Peace vs. Justice: The Strategic Use of International Criminal Tribunals [ 2013] Trials and tribulations of international prosecution, 1 [16] T. Krever, International Criminal Law: an ideology critique [2013] LJIL 26(3 ) 701, 710-711 [17] R. Cryer, Prosecuting International Crimes: Selectivity and the International Criminal Law Regime [2005] CUP 198 [18] Rome Statute, para 5 of preamble [19]M. R. Phooko, How Effective the International Criminal Court has Been: Evaluating the work and progress of the International Criminal Court [2011] Notre Dame Journal of International, Comparative Human Rights Law 182 [20] R. Bellelli, International Criminal Justice: Law and Practice from the Rome Statute to Its Review (1st, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., Surrey 2013) 69-78 [21] S. Nouwen, Justifying Justice in Crawford and Koskenniemi (eds) [2012] Cambridge Companion to International Law 331, 329 [22] M. R. Phooko, How Effective the International Criminal Court has Been: Evaluating the work and progress of the International Criminal Court [2011] Notre Dame Journal of International, Comparative Human Rights Law 182, 190 [23]Ibid; See N. Waddell P. Clark, Courting Conflict? Justice, Peace and the ICC in Africa [2008] Royal African Society for further discussion [24] International Criminal Court, Warrants of arrest (www.icc-cpi.int n/a) [25] Amnesty International , INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT: US efforts to obtain impunity for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes [August 2002] 1, [26] P. Sands, Torture Team: Abuse, Lawyers and Criminal Responsibility [2011] Cambridge Review of International Affairs 24 (3) 309, 309; Impunity for George Bush as mentioned in: A. P. Rubin, International Crime and Punishment [1993] 34 NI 73, 74 [27] B. Ottley T. Kleinhaus, Confronting the past: the elusive search for post-conflict justice [2010] 45 Irish Jurist 107, 143 [28] Rome Statute Art 12(2) [29] The International Criminal Court, The States Parties to the Rome Statute (https://www.icc-cpi.int ) [30] J.J. Llewellyn, A Comment on the Complementary Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court: Adding Insult to Injury in Transitional Context? [2001] DA LHOUSIE L.J 192 [31] Rome Statute, Art. 86, Art.89 (1), [32] P. Clark, Law, Politics and Pragmatism: The ICC and Case 37 Selection in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo [2008] Edited by Nicholas Waddell and Phil Clark Courting Conflict? Justice, Peace and the ICC in Africa 37, 43 [33] W. Burke-White, ICC and the Future of Legal Accountability [2003] 10 ILSA J Intl Comp L 195, 196; M. R. Phooko, How Effective the International Criminal Court has Been: Evaluating the work and progress of the International Criminal Court [2011] Notre Dame Journal of International, Comparative Human Rights Law 182, 187 [34] Prosecutor v Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bashir, Case No. ICC-02/05-01/09-1, Warrant of Arrest (Mar. 4, 2009) [35] Rome Statute Art 98 (1); [36] Rome Statute Art 13(b) [37] D. Smith, ICC chief prosecutor shelves Darfur war crimes probe (theguardian.com 2014) accessed 07/01/2015 [38] C. Gegout, The International Criminal Court: limits, potential and conditi ons for the promotion of justice and peace [2013] Third World Quarterly Vol. 34 800, 809 [39] L. Vinjamuri, Deterrence, Democracy, and the Pursuit of International Justice [2010] Ethics International Affairs 191 [40] S. Sang-Hyun, Preventative Potential of the International Criminal Court [2013] Asian Journal of International Law 203, 203-205 [41] UN Security Council Resolution 827 (Tribunal, Former Yugoslavia), [1993] S/RES/827 [42] Prosecutor v Dusko Tadic [2000] 48 A Ch 94-1-A (ICTY): deterrence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“may legitimately be considered in sentencing. [43] Rome Statute, para 5 of preamble [44] K. Sikkink, The Justice Cascade (1st, W.W. Norton Company, New York 2011) 258 [45] C. Gegout, The International Criminal Court: limits, potential and conditions for the promotion of justice and peace [2013] Third World Quarterly Vol. 34 800, 809 [46] S. Sang-Hyun, Preventative Potential of the International Criminal Court [2013] Asian Journal of International Law 203, 207 [47] R. Cryer, H. Friman, D. Robinson and E. Wilmshurst, An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure [2010] 2nd Edition CUP 30-33 [48] S. Nouwen, Justifying Justice in Crawford and Koskenniemi (eds) [2012] Cambridge Companion to International Law 331, 331 [49] I. Tallgren, The Sensibility and Sense of International Criminal Law [2002] 13 EJIL 561, 569 [50] K. Cronin-Furman, Managing Expectations: International Criminal Trials and the Prospects for Deterrence of Mass Atrocity [2013] The International Journal of Transitional Justice, 1, 1-21 [51] C. Stahn, Between à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Faithà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Factsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢: By What Standards Should We Assess International Criminal Justice? [2012] Leiden Journal of International Law 251, 265-267 [52] I. Tallgren, The Sensibility and Sense of International Criminal Law [2002] 13 EJIL 561, 576; discussing Rome Statute Art 77 [53] M. R. Phooko, How Effective the Inter national Criminal Court has Been: Evaluating the work and progress of the International Criminal Court [2011] Notre Dame Journal of International, Comparative Human Rights Law 182, 186-190; 190-195 [54] D. Smith, ICC chief prosecutor shelves Darfur war crimes probe (theguardian.com 2014) [55] M. Chulov, Syria: UN lists names of Assad officials who could face ICC prosecution (theguardian.com 2011) accessed 08/01/2015 [56] C. Stephen, International Criminal Law: Wielding the sword of universal criminal justice? [2012] ICLQ 61(1) 55, 63 [57] Ibid 84 [58] G. Bass, Stay the Hand of Vengeance: The Politics of War Crimes Tribunals [2000] PUP 58, 58-60 [59] M. R. Phooko, How Effective the International Criminal Court has Been: Evaluating the work and progress of the International Criminal Court [2011] Notre Dame Journal of International, Comparative Human Rights Law 182